Overview

• Sumer weakened by Elamite invasion and Amorite migrations.
• Last Sumerian cities fall; power shifts north to Babylon.

People & Society

• Mixture of Sumerians, Amorites, and Elamites.
• Sumerian identity slowly fades.

Religion

• Sumerian gods remain culturally important.
• Mythology preserved in tablets (Gilgamesh stories, creation myths).

Economy

• Local economies weaken; trade shifts to new centers.

Army

• City-state militias, less organized than before.
• Unable to resist Elamite attacks.